Canada's Role in US Trade Relations

Built the biggest market-based energy trading partnership in the world, the United States and Canada give a strong basis as we work toward net-zero greenhouse gas emissions. Drawing on USD $7.5 billion in the U.S. Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and CAD $1.2 billion to create a network of electric vehicle fast chargers and community charging options on both sides of the border, we will work to harmonize charging standards and create cross-border alternative fuel corridors. Working on the decadal performance targets for important technology sectors, the United States and Canada will cooperate on the Energy EarthshotTM of the U.S. Department of Energy. Aiming to lower the cost of grid-scale energy storage by 90% for systems delivering 10+ hours of duration within the decade, Canada intends to adopt the objectives of the Long Duration Storage Shot (LDSS). Canada intends to center on energy storage technologies for distant and off-grid uses in order to propel toward the LDSS target Under the Biden Administration's flagship worldwide initiative to assist partner nations develop nuclear energy programs under the highest standards for safety, security, and nonproliferation, Canada will fund and provide in-kind support for the Foundational Infrastructure for Responsible Use of Small Modular Reactor Technology (FIRST) program. Both the United States and Canada will also coordinate efforts to create safe and dependable North American nuclear fuel supply chains free from reliance on authoritarian-based suppliers and will form larger alliances with long-standing allies and partners, both of which will help to guarantee access to low enriched uranium and High-Assay Low Enriched Uranium.

Both nations want to propose rules before this fall that will lower

greenhouse gas emissions from their respective sectors, building on Canadian and U.S. pledges to achieve net-zero power grids by 2035 and to hasten efforts to phasedown new, unabated coal power generating facilities. Working with other significant energy importers and exporters, the United States and Canada also hope to create an internationally unified approach to measure, track, report, and validate lifetime methane and CO2 emissions across the fossil energy value chain. The United States and Canada pledged to cooperate closely with Arctic Indigenous Peoples and, if feasible, to apply Indigenous Knowledge as a fundamental component of their decision-making process. To support our worldwide efforts on mitigating carbon dioxide, methane, and black carbon emissions in the Arctic, the two nations understood they needed to lower localized emissions of these pollutants. Together will the two nations prepare for, avoid, and react to oil spills and other environmental events in the Arctic; they also pledge to preserve Arctic biodiversity, ecosystems, habitats, and species. The Leaders understood the difficulties the building of the international border separating the United States and Canada has for Indigenous people. The leaders are dedicated to cooperatively addressing the effects the shared border has on mobility, traditional customs, preservation of Native languages, kinship, cultural linkages, and economic possibilities for Indigenous Peoples. To address these long-standing border issues, this entails a dedication to working in alliance with Alaska Native Villages in the United States, First Nations, Inuit, and Métis Peoples in Canada.

Leaders dedicated to work over the next months toward agreement on a modernized

Columbia River Treaty regime that offers flood risk management, power generation, and environmental benefits shared equitably by both countries and the Indigenous and Tribal nations, communities, and stakeholders in this watershed. Under a collaborative technical study and assessment, the United States and Canada are looking at whether the 1991 U.S.-Canada Air Quality Agreement (AQA) is fulfilling both environmental goals and sufficiency in addressing transboundary air pollution. The pact calls for both nations to solve ground-level ozone and acid rain. The review will also look at contaminants and issues not now covered by the AQA, including particulate matter (PM2.5). Under the pact, the United States and Canada also work together on scientific and research projects including methane as an ozone precursor, ammonia, and wildfires. A serious problem for the Western Hemisphere is irregular migration. By giving orderly and safe migration first priority, the United States and Canada are carefully addressing these concerns as pledged under the Los Angeles Declaration on Migration and Protection. :

Over the course of the year, Canada will receive an extra

15,000 humanitarian migrants from top sending Western Hemisphere countries including Haiti, Colombia, and Ecuador. Additionally announcing the application of the terms of the Safe Third Country Agreement to migrants crossing between the ports of entry were the United States and Canada. Comprising just one binational military command worldwide, the United States and Canada are dedicated allies in the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD). Recent events amply demonstrate the significance of NORAD and of our cooperation on continental security and defense. To protect our airspace, the United States and Canada will keep tightly working together. Canada pledged to modernize NORAD capability. At least one of the next-generation Over-the-Horizon Radar systems Canada will acquire and field will be for early warning and domain awareness enhancement of North American approaches. Canada will also invest in the northern forward operating sites to support 5th Generation aircraft and mobility/refueling assets, capabilities that should be in place prior to the F-35 delivery to include airfield improvements to accommodate aircraft, personnel, fuel, and munitions. Under the 2014 Wales Summit Defence investing Pledge, the leaders underlined the need of investing in modern, ready, and competent forces in keeping with their commitments to NATO in face of global challenges. Such expenditures help NATO, United Nations, and other worldwide operations to be effectively supported.